Heart Of Cinema "Sound" Indian Cinema

CINEMA HALL

One fine evening, you, along with your family or friends, went to a nearby Theater to watch a movie, for example a horror movie. After the completion of screening of that movie, the patrons along with you, come out of the hall with some scary feeling, you people just experienced for almost two and a half hours.So did you ever thought ,what you all made to scare like that ?

The only answer, we get even from the remote areas of the world, is  SOUND.

Yes. It's sound which makes you to scare.This is not only applied to horror movies, but also to other genres like Action , Fantasy etc.To experience each and every shot of a movie with so much of fulfilment, then it's up to sound.

MUSIC PLAYER

Now, here we are going to discuss about the"Evolution of Cinematic Sound".
Here we go.

1.) MONO :-

The First System of Sound in the world film industry is MONO..... it means, a speaker placed behind the screen, at it's center.

2.) STEREO :-

The First Initiative, which made movie's dialogues so clear, by adding two extra speakers, sideways to the already existing mono speaker.

But these two systems didn't satisfied the patrons, as the way film making took some innovative turns in it's journey. Then came the following sound system, which left a great impact on audience.

3.) SURROUND :-

The is the most creative step taken in the field of cinematic sound. It consists of not only the above mentioned speakers/amplifiers, but also the external speakers, which are attached to the walls of the cinema hall, 'surround'ing the audience, and make them to feel as they themselves are involved in the movie.

There are so many companies and brands throughout the world, which have their own name and fame, like:-Dolby, Auro, Sony Dynamic, DTS etc.

And coming to Indian movies, there are some movies which are 'First' among some innovations in sound With India’s first talkie film, Imperial Company’s Alam Ara, Indian cinema found its voice when Ardeshir Irani’s love story between a prince and a gypsy girl premiered at the Majestic Cinema in Mumbai on March 14, 1931.

Just a few months before Alam Ara was to release, more than 30 cinema halls in India equipped themselves with a sound system to screen talkies. But more than any other aspect of sound, what made Indian cinema sound unique was songs. Alam Ara had a dozen songs and Madan Theatre’s Shirin Farhad, which released shortly after Alam Ara, had as many as 42 songs! Needless to say, Shirin Farhad was a much bigger success than Alam Ara.

Till the early 1960s, monophonic sound was being used in Indian cinema. Raj Kapoor’s film Around The World was India’s first film with stereo-phonic sound in 1967. In 1975, Sholay became India’s first film with 4-track Stereophonic sound. Sholay was one of India’s technically most-advanced film.

FILM REEL

1942: A Love Story was the first Indian movie to use a Dolby Sound format and became a milestone in sound engineering. The sound mixing was done in the Dolby SR format in London and the film was released in 1994. Shortly after, Ram Gopal Varma’s Rangeela became the first film to be mixed and released in the Dolby SR format in India. After that, movies were regularly mixed with Dolby SR sound, and the production and post-production infrastructure too started developing in Mumbai and other major cities. Prasad 70-mm in Chennai became the first Dolby-approved sound mixing facility in India. And soon, other studios followed.

Among cinemas, Sterling in Mumbai was the first to have got a Dolby A and SR surround sound system installed.

The Digital Evolution:-

Dolby SR graduated into a more advanced and sophisticated technology – Dolby Digital. Dolby Digital is Dolby’s most famous creation to date and has been installed in over 80,000 cinemas all over the world.

In India, Ram Gopal Varma was the first filmmaker to use Dolby Digital in his movie Daud, released in 1997. Cinemas proudly displayed the Dolby Digital logo in their premises and played the Dolby trailer before the start of every movie.

In 1999, Dillagi became the first film to be mixed and released in Dolby Digital Surround EX in India. Dolby Digital Surround EX took the Dolby Digital 5.1-channel set-up one step further, introducing an additional third rear surround audio channel.

In 2010, Dolby introduced a new format called Dolby Surround 7.1 for digital cinema. Dolby Surround 7.1 uses eight discrete audio channels to establish four surround zones in a cinema. Dolby Surround 7.1 delivers a premium listening experience, enveloping the audience with improved depth and realism that immerses them in the action.

In April 2011, Dum Maaro Dum is the first Indian movie to be released in Dolby Surround 7.1. 

Why Are Ads Important To Us? It's Negative impact

Advertisements on TV

Advertising involves presenting a product to people through a medium.Advertising can be done through TV,Radio,Newspapers,Magazines,etc.In our India,digital media occupies the highest role in advertising.

Advertising can be of 'commercial' and 'non-commercial'.The major difference between commercial and non-commercial advertisements is,commercial ads deal with profits and losses whereas non-commercial deals with creating awareness among people.Either commercial or non-commercial,government and private organisations take an important role.

Government advertisements mainly involves non-commercial advertisements whose target is welfare of people.It includes payments of taxes,cleanliness of country,duties of a citizen towards country,etc..

While private advertisements mainly concentrate on their profits.It includes introducing a product to people through digital,radio,newspaper,and several other media helps these organisations to make their products popular..

In India commercial advertisements have a great impact on people.Government advertisements main intention is to create a good awareness among people which leads to a bright nation.Advertisements like 'No tobacco','Get rid of fake calls','Construction of toilets',etc which leads to good for people are the major advertising campaigns made by the government of India.To make these advertisements create a good impact on people,top celebrities like Vidya Balan,Rahul Dravid,Amitab Bachan take their roles to make those advertisements popular.These advertisements are made available to each and every people and made in different languages depending on the particular locality.Thus Indian government is making its efforts to create awareness among people.

Whereas private organisations for example organisations related to automobiles,beauty,mobiles,clothing etc make huge attempts to promote their products,so that they gain high profits.They mainly hire top celebrities who are apt to make the product a useful one,so these organisations search for those celebrities who can suit for the products.For example for a beauty product one should hire a good looking celebrity so that their products get high demand.So in this Indian markets are getting profits through these advertising campaigns

 EFFECTS OF ADVERTISEMENTS ON CHILDREN:

                       

Advertising to children is the major topic to be discussed because a small mistake leads to a major issue.As we know television is an important source of information for children to know about the products. Also pre-school children cannot find a difference between reality and fantasy. Advertisements that spoil the thoughts of children should be banned.Parents should not allow children to purchase products they believe are undesirable for their children.They say children are aware that fruits and vegetables are more nutritious than the highly sugared foods. Recognising that advertising may play an important part in educating the child, information should be communicated in an accurate manner so that children get a good idea of the products. 

CHART

EFFECTS OF ADVERTISEMENTS ON YOUTH:

Even advertising to youth is a major issue to be handled with care so as to get fruitful results.Youth get readily involved in the ads shown on television.Girls and Boys assume themselves in those characters shown on TV. When certain precautions are taken these can be avoided.When compared,there are more advantages than disadvantages.So the positive fruit of these trials must be considered.

CONCLUSION:

 Finally it can be concluded that in India commercial advertisements occupy a great role especially in digital media.People in India get involved in these ads so that they get those products with a trust on the ads shown to them.Even advertising organisations should produce good products so that the trust that people kept on these ads should be going on.Government or private both design these advertisements for people to get knowledge of their products and thoughts.Disadvantages should be corrected and ignored so that we can get a digitalised view of the products so as to get a better review of the products we use.So the commercial advertisements have an important role in our country,either government or private they have their priorities in their respective positions.

Is Reservation Helping Poor? Caste Reservations In India.

STUDENTS

Recently, RSS chief publicity leader Manmohan Vaidya has said that “the caste-based reservation should end”. Speaking at Jaipur Literature Festival, the leader said that instead of continuing with reservations infinitely, attempts should be made to make available to people equal opportunities for education and other things.

Bad impacts of banishment of caste-based reservation:

Slow development of the country. In India, communities who are economically, socially and mentally backward, find it very tough to compete in open competition. That is the reason reservation was introduced in the system. Reservation helps backward communities to get included in education and in government jobs which eventually helps our county to develop faster. The end of caste-based reservation will result in the slow growth of the country.Upliftment of dalits will become impossible.

The caste-based reservation was introduced in our system for the upliftment of backward classes in the society. These classes have always been exploited by the upper classes of the society and reservation helps them in getting their rights and an equal place in the society. If caste-based reservation ends, the upliftment of backward classes will become impossible and they will exploitation will increase.

Good impacts of banishment of caste-based reservation:

Standards of higher education will improve Many students of general caste lose their seat in higher education due to the caste-based reservation. Every candidate will get the equal opportunities to grab a seat and no deserving candidate will left out of the opportunities which many times happens.

CHART

Government jobs will become approachable for everyone:

The caste-based reservation system gives great opportunities to backward classes in government sector but it leave people of general caste with very little opportunities. If reservation system ends, government jobs will become approachable for each class of the society.

Though the Reservation System works in favor of the backward castes of the society, at the same time, it has brewed up some controversies in the country too. It is believed that the system supersedes merit in certain circumstances, when meritorious candidates are deprived of the jobs or admissions so that candidates of backward classes can be accommodated as per the reservation system. Moreover, the system is confined to government institutions and firms, while those in the private sector are still beyond the reach of people belonging to the backward classes, either because they lack the skills needed to enter these firms or institutions or they are not financially sound enough to afford them. Some believe that the reservation system is a political tool to get hold of the backward class vote bank and it has an overall negative impact on the productive workforce of the country by ignoring the people with true potential and giving people opportunities on the basis of caste rather than merit.

Accusing his opponents of “spreading lies” against the government, Prime Minister Narendra Modi Monday called himself a “bhakt” of B R Ambedkar and asserted that the reservation policy for Dalits and tribals will not be diluted even if Ambedkar himself were to come back to life and demand its revocation.

Modi, who was delivering the Ambedkar Memorial Lecture at Vigyan Bhawan, took a veiled dig at Opposition parties and said, “Some people do not even want to see us. They get a fever when they see us. That’s why they are spreading lies.”

“When the Vajpayee government was formed, people were scared that reservation was going to be abolished. But nothing of that sort happened… This is a right that nobody can snatch,” he said. “Lies are being spread even today because some people are only engaging in politics.”

What if we had restricted reservations of constituencies just to a decade as Dr Ambedkar had envisaged?

 Dalit representation in Indian politics would have been non-existent. The Dalits in most parts of the country are so scattered that they do not have a meaningful electoral strength. So, here, reservation of seats for Dalit candidates has served a purpose. Having said that, the cancellation of political reservation would have made no difference to the Dalit movement because Dalit politicians who have benefited from the reservation of constituencies have turned out to be puppets in the hands of

parties like the Congress and the BJP. These parties exploit political reservation to increase their own seat count. The welfare of Dalits has been lost in political calculations. So if political reservations end today, it may not make a difference to the larger welfare of Dalits.Advertisement opens in new window

What if there was never any reservation in services and educational institutes?

It would have brought about a disaster. Job and educational reservations were very vital in the view of Dr Ambedkar. In fact, while he advocated a 10-year period for the reservation of constituencies, he wanted reservation in services and colleges to be permanent. If those reservations were not put in place, there would have been a People’s War Group in every Indian state. The oppressed classes would have never found a channel to come into the mainstream. What would have been denied to them, they would have taken by force. In fact, I foresee the future generations taking up violence if this madness of privatisation continues. Job opportunities for Dalits are shrinking because of privatisation. So ‘what-if-there-were-no-reservations-after-independence’ is close to becoming a reality. And the way the poor Dalit youths will respond will answer the question what would have happened if there were no reservations in free India.

What if reservation was for all the poor of India instead of Dalits?

The poor of India, assuming that it has been clearly defined, would have been a very large number. The struggle of the poor Dalits, poor because of the oppression they suffered for centuries, would have been lost. A diluted reservation is as good as having no reservation. And the youth might have made this point through violence.Advertisement opens in new window

What if the creamy layer in the Dalit community was left out of reservation?

It would have been impractical and unfair. It was using the benefits of reservation that many Dalits became what you call "creamy layer". So first they are benefited and then their children are penalised? And how would you define a well-off Dalit? Only he? His immediate family? His extended family? Who? It would have been impractical to make such discriminations within the community. It would have in a way distanced the affluent from the Dalit movement.

Prakash Ambedkar, grandson of the Babasaheb, was talking to Manu Joseph.

PERCENTAGE OF RESERVATION:

In central-government funded higher education institutions, 22.5% of available seats are reserved for Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) students (7.5% for STs, 15% for SCs). This reservation percentage has been raised to 49.5% by including an additional 27% reservation for OBCs.

Reservations in elected bodies:

In parliament, caste and tribe based reservations are provided to make it more representative.. Today, out of 543 seats in India's parliament, 84 (15.47%) are reserved for SC/Dalits and 47 (8.66%)for ST/Tribes. Allocation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Tribes in the Lok Sabha are made on the basis of proportion of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in the State concerned to that of the total population.

A similar percentage of exclusive seats has been provided for members of designated castes and tribes in each state legislature. Local self-governments have caste, tribe and gender based reservation system in place.

JOB SERVING OVER RESERVATIONS

Reservations in employment:

 A fixed percentage of India's government and public sector jobs are made exclusive for categories of people largely based on their caste or tribe.

The 1992 Supreme Court ruling in the Indra Sawhney case said that reservations in job promotions are "unconstitutional" but allowed its continuation for five years. In 1995, the 77th amendment to the Constitution was made to amend Article 16 before the five-year period expired to continue with reservations for SC/STs in promotions. It was further modified through the 85th amendment to give the benefit of consequential seniority to SC/ST candidates promoted by reservation.

The 81st amendment was made to the Constitution to permit the government to treat the backlog of reserved vacancies as a separate and distinct group, to which the ceiling of 50 per cent did not apply. The 82nd amendment inserted a provision in Article 335 to enable states to give concessions to SC/ST candidates in promotion.

The validity of all the above four amendments was challenged in the Supreme Court through various petitions clubbed together in M. Nagaraj & Others vs. Union of India & Others, mainly on the ground that these altered the Basic Structure of the Constitution. In 2006, the Supreme Court upheld the amendments but stipulated that the concerned state will have to show, in each case, the existence of "compelling reasons" - which include "backwardness", "inadequacy of representation" and overall "administrative efficiency - before making provisions for reservation. The court further held that these provisions are merely enabling provisions. If a state government wishes to make provisions for reservation to SC/STs in promotion, the state has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness of the class and inadequacy of representation of that class.

In 2007, the Government of Uttar Pradesh introduced reservation in job promotions. However, citing the Supreme Court decision, the policy was ruled to be unconstitutional by the Allahabad High Court in 2011. The decision was challenged in the Supreme Court, which upheld it in 2012 by rejecting the government's argument because it failed to furnish sufficient valid data to justify the move to promote employees on a caste basis.

Reservations in education:

 In India most of the scholarships or student aid is available only to—SCs, STs, BCs, OBCs, women, Muslims, and other minorities. Only about 0.7% of scholarships or student aid in India is based on merit.

The University Grants Commission (UGC) provides financial assistance to universities for the establishment of Special Cells for SC/STs. The cells help universities implement the reservation policy in student admission and staff recruitment processes for teaching and non-teaching jobs. They also help the SC/ST categories integrate with the university community and help remove the difficulties SC/ST individuals may have experienced.

New rules implementation of UPA Government do not provide scholarship scheme and reservation quota of students and employees of colleges under central University and State University approved by the UGC. 

Importance Of Agriculture In India And It's History.

AGRICULTURE

Agriculture or farming is the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants,fungi for food, fiber, bio fuel,medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.

History Of Agriculture In India:

The history of agriculture in India dates back to Indus valley civilization era and even before, that in some parts of southern India. Vedic literature's provides some of the earlier written record of agriculture in India.
Rigveda provides the evidence of some early techniques of irrigation, plowing,farming and fishing in India.some archaeologists believe that major crop 'rice' was a domesticated crop along the banks of river Ganges in the sixth millennium BC.other crops cultivated in India were 3000 to 6000 years ago which includes mango, Jack fruit,linseed,mustard castor,mung bean,palm dates ,black palm and many others.

Importance Of Agriculture In India:

Agriculture plays the vital role in India's economy.India is basically a agriculture based country.India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and Allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP(Gross Domestic Product) in 2013,about 50% of the work space. Agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.India also developing income through exports of many species,fruits,dry fruits and vegetables to other countries. Medicines, bio fuels,chemicals and fiber were also exported to other countries which helping in development of Indian economy.

AGRICULTURE FIELD

 Types of crops in India:

India is a land of various soils and has different climate condition due to which we were able to produce various crops.As cultivation is based on different seasons the crops in India is mainly divided into three types.They are kharif, Rabi and Zaid crop

Kharif:

This crops are grown at the start of the monsoon until the beginning of the winter(relatively from June to November).
Some examples of kharif crop are rice,corn,millet,moong,groundnut and grad.

Rabbi:

The rabbi crop is the spring harvest or also called winter crop in India. It is sown in October last and harvested in march or April of every year.

Major rabbi crops in India are wheat,mustard, sesame and barley.

Zaid crop:

Zaid crops are grows at some part of country during March to June.

Examples of zaid crops are watermelon,muskmelon, vegetables of cucurbitacae family such as bitter ground, pumpkin, ridged gourd etc.

Agriculture is being practiced in every state of India,but they cultivate different crops according to the soil and climate conditions of that region.

Women In India| Women Responsibilities. Special Stories

WOMEN IN INDIA

Women's rights are secured under the constitution of India - mainly equality, dignity, and freedom from discrimination; further, India has various statutes governing the rights of women.

As of 2011, the president of India, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the Leader of the Opposotion in the Lok Sabha(Lower House of the parliament) were women. However, women in India continue to face numerous problems, including violent victimisation through rape, acid throwing, dowry killings, marital rape, and the forced prostitution of young girls. In 2012, the Thomson Reuters Foundation ranked India as the worst G20 country in which to be a women.

Indian Women Culture:

The status of women's in India is strongly connected to family relations. In India, the family is seen as crucially important, and in most of the country the family unit is patrillineal. Families are usually multi-generational, with the bride moving to live with the in-laws. Families are usually hierarchical, with the elders having authority over the younger generations, and the males over females. The vast majority of marriages are monogamous(one husband and one wife), but both polygyny and polyandry in India have a tradition among some populations in India. Wedding in India can by quite expensive. Most marriages in India are arranged.

With regard to dress, a sari and salwar kameez are worn by women all over India. A bindi is part of   a women's make-up. Despite common belief, the bindi on the forehesd does not signify marital status; however, the Sindoor does.

According to 1992-1993 fig, only 9.2% of the households in India were headed by females. However, approximately 35% of the households below the poverty line were found to be headed by females.

WOMEN TO WORK

Education :

Though it is gradually increasing, the female literacy rate in India is less than the male literacy rate. Far fewer girls than boys are enrolled in school, and many girls drop out. In urban India, girls are nearly on a par with boys in terms of education. However, in rural India,girls continue to be less educated than boys. According to the National Sample Survey Data of 1997, only the states of Kerala and Mizoram have approached universal female literacy. According to scholars, the major factor behind improvements in the social and economic status of women in Kerela is literacy.

Workforce participation :

Contrary to common perception, a large percentage of women in India work. National data collection agencies accept that statistics seriously understate women's contribution as workers. However, there are far fewer women than men in the paid workforce.In urban India, women participate in the workforce in impressive numbers. For example, in the software industry 30% of the workforce is female.

Can We Permanently Eliminate Begging in India?

BEGGING 

Some beggars choose to beg while some are forced to beg,the later case are less common these days though that doesn't decrease the begging scam in India.

Generally we see begging as few beggars sitting in roadside or stretching their hands towards you when you are in any public places, but what we forget to see is billions of rupees turning in hands through this.

 According to a survey in 2008 there is about 73,00,000 beggers in India now this figure can be much more closer to 10million.

Rehabilitation such a massive scale is not possible( especially when they are completely unskilled).

"Like prostitution, begging is oldest profession on earth. Although varying by geography and the times, begging is universal. We have heard that even richest countries like America have beggers in one form or another", is the argument of the beggers( more precisely those who choose to be a begger).

As I said the begging community they are organised they have their own leader in some cases there are even bigger network behind them. So giving them lot of money only makes more people choosing begging as a profession, It is always better to help beggars with clothes and food rather then giving them money this will at-least prevent more people from choosing begging.And beggars don't have any other expenses( they never visit hospitals ).     

Something interesting regarding begging I have come across is in kerala where you can't find any Kerala born beggars( you will find beggers from nearing states) , this change can be mainly due to education. And other important thing is that in Kerala beggers are only allowed to beg on saturdays (other days sit in their place and take what people offer). forgot to mention that handicaps are issued certificate by local governing body to beg for a period.

Several times when we meet a begger on our way, we are compelled to think whether we should help him or not? its is really difficult to ignore a poor pleading face and walk away. So it is better to help them with their needs. Begging is not an economic problem but a Social-Cultural-Education One!

According to great Nelson Mandela :

POVERTY IS NOT AN ACCIDENT. LIKE SLAVERY AND APARTHEID, IT IS MAN-MADE AND CAN BE REMOVED BY THE ACTIONS OF HUMAN BEINGS"

So in my opinion  educating every single child in India and showing what life is all about will stop coming up of a new generation of beggars.

Youth Into Politics Benefits Society? Youth vs Senior

POLITICIANS

Politician is person who is professionally involved in politics,especially as a holder of an electoral office.In any country,politicians should play a major role in the development of the society.Elections will be held,through which people select a person as a leader,and he/she becomes a politician.

 Now-a-days politics have become so commercial that politicians as well as people,keeping aside their self respect are getting involved in illegal activities.Specially a democratic country like India needs good politicians for the betterment of society.A person with good leadership qualities can be a rising hop  for good politician.

COMPARISON BETWEEN YOUTH AND OLD:

In politics,even age can be considered to a better politician.Many factors comes under consideration but the major one is the way of thinking change from age to age.Maximum percentage,youth comes forward with new and better ideas which may become useful for the betterment of the nation.Even old people give better suggestions,as they had gone through many critical phases in their life.Sometimes even we have a better idea to recreate the world with that thought, an unwise step leads to distraction.So not only being innovative,one should also be wise to implement their ideas which leads to ultimate success.So India not only needs a young leader but there is also necessity where we need a person who can suggest them,who can ultimately be an experienced leader.

Young,or,Old who thinks better for the nation,should be encouraged so that we can experience a better nation.At a certain age any person shall retire from his/her work so that they can take rest for the rest of their life.The maximum age at which a politician will be retired is 60.Even after an age of 60,some politicians are wise enough to handle some critical situations which even cannot be handled by young people.Those situations usually arise in many countries.

 Even we have situations where some of the decisions should be taken spontaneously to avoid any harm to occur personally or to the nation.In such cases,young people are best suggested one's.Young people come forward with new and better ideas which make us awe-struck,through its results.Some times we don't get a positive result ,but a hope is better than getting nothing.Not all times it is suitable but most of the situations it can be useful.

CONCLUSION:

                                 

As per the  present situations going on in many countries,specially our country,we require a politician with an innovative thinking along with a good wisdom.No one should be excluded .Retirement shall not only be on the basis of age,but it can be estimated through the way of thinking.Even we can introduce a policy where even if we elect a young leader,the people who got retired after 60,shall undergo an interview whether they are able to serve the country,further a committee shall be laid where the ideas that young leaders get must be suggested to pave a way for the implementation of those thoughts leading to the development.So,when both the generations work together to serve the country,we and our future generations can enjoy the fruit of developed society.

 Finally,according to me retirement shall not be on the basis of age but the thoughts,dedication,etc must also be considered so that we can look forward for a better nation which can only be achieved when,we the citizens of our country cooperate with politicians and make country progress in all aspects.

  

Interesting Facts About India. Beauty Of India

POPULATION

India is the second most populous country with over 1.2 billion people (1,166,079,220 approx)and the most populous democracy in the world.

It is the seventh-largest country by area (1.27 million square miles).

India is the only country which follows Zoroastrianism. India don't bury dead body,instead leave dead bodies in buildings called tower of silence.

India  has the largest postal network in the world.

On  independent day,august 15 1947,the country is split into two countries India and Pakistan.

About 80% of Indians are Hindu. Largest  minority in India are Muslims with 13% of Indians populations.

Official name of India is republic of India.

India is the largest democracy in the world.

National fruit of India is mango ,the national bird is peacock .

The Bengal tiger is the  national animal of India,only 4,000 wild tigers left in india.

India is the worlds largest producer of dried beand,such as kidney beans and chickpeas.

INDIAN FLAG

Indian flag has three colors saffron for courage and sacrifice,white for truth and peace and green for faith,fertility and chivalry with a spinning wheel (wheel of life) at the center.

Hindi and English are the official languages of India.

There are 1,652 languages are spoken in India ,government of India recognizes  17 other languages:

1. Assamese
2. Bengali
3. Gujarati
4. Nepali
5. Manipuri
6.  ​Konkani
7. Kannada
8. Kashmiri
9. Malayalam
10. Marathi
11. Oriya
12. Punjabi
13. Sanskrit
14. Sindhi
15. Tamil
16. Telugu
17. Urdu

​India experience 6 seasons(monsoons):

1. Summer 
2. Autumn
3. Winter
4. Spring
5. Summer monsoon
6. Winter monsoon

Every major world religion represented  in India:

1. Hinduism
2. Buddhism
3. Jainism

Sikhism

Its illegal for foreigners and non Indians to take currency out of India.

all India is under standered Indian time zone. 

India has one of the highest number of murder in the world,at over 42,000 murders approx per year.

India has one of the world's highest number of aborstions,due to unsanitary conditions every women dies in around 2 hours in India.

Most historical agree that ,first recorded account of plastic surgery is found in ancient Indian Sanskrit texts.

Marigold flowers are used in the decoration of Hindu marriages and symbol of good future and happiness.

Lotus temple is one of the most visited temples in the world,with over 50 million visitors per year.

The lotus is sacred to both Hindus and Buddhists, temple is located in Delhi,it is also called as house of worship.

Mumbai is the largest city in India ,with over a population of 15 million.

India has the worlds third largest road network at 2 millon miles approx.

Most indians rinse their hands,legs and face before eating a meal.

India is the worlds largest tea producer. It is also called chai ,most popular beverage in india. 

TAJ MAHAL

Crown palace(Taj Mahal) was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (1592-1666) to his beloved wife Mumtaz (1593-1631),it took 22 years to Complete with 22,000 workers.to prevent builders from ever replacing the beauty of the Tajmahal,their hands were cutoff. All these religions are originated in India. Its traditional to ware white and not black,to funeral in India. widows will often wear white in contrast to the colorful clothes of married or single women.Widow is considered as a bad luck.

The first and greatest civilization in ancient india developed around the valley of the indus river around 3000bc called indus valley civilization.

Cows can be found freely wandering the streets of indias cities.they are considered as sacred.

Cows are considered one of the human kinds seven mothers because they offer milk as does ones natural mother.

Rabies is endemic in india.additionally delhi belly or diarrhea is common place due to contaminated  drinking water.

GOD SYMBOL

The temples of khajuraho are famous for their erotic sculptures and are one of the most popular tourist attractions in india. khajurahos exotic art may suggest that sex was a step for attaining ultimate liberation or moksha.

Some of the highest mountains on earth are found in India,many rivers considered holy like the Ganga and Yamuna flow from the Himalayas. Kumbh mela is a huge Hindu religious festival that takes place in india  for every 12 years.

Wake Up Call For Women Safety In India

WOMEN

We are very much aware of the attacks of women which created a major impact on freedom of women. It's been since ages,still women are facing a problem of safety in their our country. Even though many laws were implemented,and many organisations are behind women to face safety problems,the attacks on women still being continued. This is one of the major issues even India is facing today.

Personal safety has become an issue of importance for everyone, but especially for women. Acid attacks,rapes,kidnaps,etc are some of the attacks that women are being tortured. Every single day single women, young girls, mothers and women from all walks of life are being assaulted, molested, and violated. The streets, public transport, public spaces in particular have become the territory of the hunters. While the ones already hunted down weep in silence or in disdain, the rest fight their way to a basic life with dignity.

WOMEN

According to the statistics, it is found that a woman is raped in India every 20 minutes.It is a very sad reality of the country that its women citizens are living with fear all time. According to the Constitution of India, they have equal rights of dignity, equality, and freedom from gender discrimination. Indian women are continuously facing many problems such as sexual harassment, violent victimization through rape, acid attack, dowry deaths, forced prostitution.Women today needs cooperation from every person as this is the era of their true transformation and uplift.Government of India launched the ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ campaign in January 2015, with the aim of creating awareness and to ensure survival, protection and empowerment of the girl child.Women’s Safety in Public Transport is one of the key challenges across the globe. The authorities are taking various measures to make Public Transport safe and comfortable for women.

 Woman go through so many rough patches in their lives:

Daddy’s little angel

Get through puberty

Suffer through hell once a month

Get a job (Maybe)

Get Married

Give Birth

Some of the Safety Laws for Women in India:

Special Marriage Act 1954

Hindu Widows Remarriage Act 1856

Indian Penal Code 1860

Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929

Hindu Marriage Act 1955

Foreign Marriage Act 1969

Indian Divorce Act 1969

Pregnancy Act 1971

Christian Marriage Act 1872

Prohibition of Sex Selection Act 1994

Commission of Sati  Act 1987

Sexual Harassment Act 2013.

Just be friends with some girls and you know how beautiful they are on the the inside, no matter how they dress. This might tell you everything you need to know . We are running in the 21st century, an advanced era however it is very shame to say about the doubtful safety of woman in India. Respect women.